Conductivity sensors, or probes, measure a liquid’s ability to conduct electricity. This measurement directly indicates the concentration of dissolved ions. Industries use these sensors to monitor water quality, analyse environments, and ensure product purity. Food, beverage, and pharmaceutical sectors rely on them to monitor processes and detect leaks. Contacting sensors use two or more electrodes to measure conductivity by applying an electrical current. Inductive, or toroidal, sensors use electromagnetic coils to measure conductivity without direct electrode contact. Operators prefer inductive sensors for high-conductivity, dirty, or corrosive liquids.